Lit Review Article #4

I. Title Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development and Problem-Based Learning: Linking a Theoretical Concept with Practice Through Action Research

II. Author: Harland, Tony

III. Author's Purpose for Writing:
Theory of development and how it informed the practice of a group of university teachers in the process of developing a problem –based learning.

IV. What are the points made in the review of the literature? Do they support the need for the study?
1. Social interaction leads to cognitive development through the ZPD.

2. Communicate expectations clearly

3. emphasis on diagnostic teaching and learning

4. creating and maintaining instructional environments centered on authentic activities

5. supporting students as peer-teachers to help develop student autonomy in the context of collaborative learning.
V. Author's Inquiry Question/s: 1. Developing diagnostic teaching strategies in the zone of current development

2. the emphasis on authentic activities in the zpd

3. re-thinking the roles of teacher and learner

VI. Author's Methodology Observation
A. Who is being studied? Secondary students
B. Over what length of time? Three years
C. What data is being collected?
D. How is it being analyzed
E. Any other interesting or pertinent data: 1. common sense approach, 2: p. 267 One Key strategy was to start the day with a session of writing in which students could explore their personal learning. They should be “students of learning.”267

VII. How the author collected information,

VIII. What the Author Discovered or Conclusions/Implications Students should be helped students move through their ZPD with structure and support until they become autonomous.

“Learning is the outcome of collaborative problem-solving” 270

Teachers learned in the zpd too “Outcome of research and scientific enquiry through a process of solving problems” 271

Learning leads development